MLB/Players/Marcell Ozuna
Marcell Ozuna

MARCELL OZUNA

DH · Pittsburgh Pirates · 20132026 · 1,684 games
1,684
CAREER GAMES · REGULAR SEASON
14 seasons
.267
CAREER BATTING AVERAGE
1,678 hits in 6,296 at-bats
304
CAREER HOME RUNS
977 RBI · 29 stolen bases

01/Hitting

Season by season
Regular season
SeasonClubGABRH2B3BHRRBIBBSOSBAVGOBPSLGOPS
2026PIT7025122517082927800.203.281.327.607
2025ATL145487611131902168941440.232.356.400.757
2024ATL1626069618331039104741701.302.378.546.924
2023ATL1445308414529140100571340.274.344.558.903
2022ATL124470561061902356311222.226.273.413.686
2021ATL4818821406072619460.213.285.356.641
2020ATL602283877140185638600.338.432.6361.068
2019STL1304858011723129896211412.241.327.472.799
2018STL148582691631622388381103.280.324.433.757
2017MIA1596139319130237124641441.312.377.548.925
2016MIA148557751482362376431150.266.318.452.771
2015MIA123459471192701044301102.259.305.383.688
2014MIA153565721522652385411643.269.318.455.773
2013MIA70275317317433213575.265.299.389.688
Career1,6846,2968451,678287213049776311,57029.267.333.464.797

04/Where the ball went

2018 Regular season
Play log from 2015
Spray chart · 433 batted balls
Groundout · 89.8 mph · 9 ftFlyout · 94.7 mph · 343 ftFlyout · 91.0 mph · 293 ftLineout · 95.1 mph · 281 ftGroundout · 70.8 mph · 114 ftGroundout · 102.7 mph · 11 ftFlyout · 84.3 mph · 255 ftGroundout · 108.2 mph · 10 ftPop Out · 99.3 mph · 198 ftFlyout · 106.1 mph · 372 ftLineout · 113.0 mph · 354 ftGroundout · 108.5 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 103.7 mph · 368 ftLineout · 110.4 mph · 370 ftGroundout · 80.9 mph · 6 ftFlyout · 87.3 mph · 246 ftGroundout · 94.3 mph · 8 ftFlyout · 79.2 mph · 288 ftGroundout · 114.6 mph · 19 ftLineout · 44.6 mph · 102 ftGroundout · 67.1 mph · 5 ftGrounded into a double play · 85.1 mph · 20 ftSacrifice fly · 99.4 mph · 346 ftGrounded into a double play · 95.6 mph · 10 ftFlyout · 81.6 mph · 262 ftLineout · 86.6 mph · 287 ftGroundoutGroundoutFlyout · 93.8 mph · 284 ftGroundout · 103.4 mph · 40 ftForceout · 97.9 mph · 7 ftGroundout · 70.7 mph · 4 ftFlyout · 84.0 mph · 304 ftForceout · 94.0 mph · 7 ftLineout · 89.4 mph · 283 ftFlyout · 85.2 mph · 277 ftGroundout · 109.1 mph · 28 ftGroundoutFlyout · 87.8 mph · 320 ftGroundout · 109.6 mph · 18 ftLineout · 89.8 mph · 305 ftGrounded into a double play · 87.0 mph · 5 ftGroundout · 111.7 mph · 162 ftFlyout · 101.0 mph · 352 ftGroundout · 81.2 mph · 8 ftGroundout · 95.3 mph · 26 ftPop Out · 73.8 mph · 174 ftGroundout · 101.2 mph · 109 ftGroundout · 109.3 mph · 51 ftPop OutGroundout · 67.7 mph · 10 ftFielder’s choice out · 97.8 mph · 52 ftGroundout · 103.4 mph · 13 ftFlyout · 104.6 mph · 378 ftFlyout · 90.8 mph · 305 ftGroundout · 99.5 mph · 12 ftPop Out · 69.6 mph · 173 ftPop Out · 85.6 mph · 102 ftGroundout · 74.5 mph · 14 ftLineout · 104.0 mph · 329 ftFlyout · 85.2 mph · 308 ftFlyout · 92.0 mph · 285 ftPop Out · 88.5 mph · 228 ftGroundout · 59.3 mph · 11 ftForceout · 103.2 mph · 80 ftFlyout · 83.3 mph · 260 ftGroundout · 100.7 mph · 15 ftGroundout · 91.8 mph · 14 ftFlyout · 105.3 mph · 386 ftFlyout · 81.4 mph · 296 ftLineout · 91.9 mph · 321 ftLineout · 112.4 mph · 359 ftGroundout · 86.4 mph · 13 ftField Error · 68.9 mph · 6 ftPop Out · 86.0 mph · 153 ftFielder’s choice · 106.2 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 88.9 mph · 269 ftFielder’s choice out · 92.0 mph · 13 ftGroundout · 108.1 mph · 10 ftFlyoutGrounded into a double play · 88.5 mph · 6 ftFlyout · 93.5 mph · 345 ftGroundout · 75.7 mph · 9 ftGrounded into a double play · 73.2 mph · 38 ftGroundout · 51.8 mph · 17 ftGroundout · 58.9 mph · 9 ftGroundout · 106.8 mph · 6 ftGroundout · 92.6 mph · 67 ftGroundout · 77.3 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 101.4 mph · 383 ftGroundout · 101.3 mph · 9 ftFlyout · 92.7 mph · 269 ftGroundout · 93.8 mph · 75 ftLineout · 94.3 mph · 310 ftGroundout · 82.3 mph · 4 ftLineout · 98.1 mph · 357 ftForceout · 61.5 mph · 5 ftFlyout · 96.1 mph · 379 ftGroundout · 89.3 mph · 135 ftLineout · 101.8 mph · 385 ftPop OutFlyout · 81.6 mph · 274 ftPop Out · 93.1 mph · 172 ftGroundout · 89.0 mph · 43 ftLineout · 109.7 mph · 300 ftPop OutGroundout · 63.4 mph · 27 ftFlyout · 89.5 mph · 275 ftForceout · 92.9 mph · 11 ftGroundout · 86.8 mph · 6 ftPop Out · 65.5 mph · 117 ftFlyout · 85.7 mph · 258 ftGroundout · 89.8 mph · 8 ftLineout · 92.4 mph · 339 ftGroundoutFlyout · 75.6 mph · 261 ftPop Out · 93.6 mph · 172 ftGroundout · 81.3 mph · 18 ftGroundout · 102.0 mph · 65 ftLineout · 67.0 mph · 118 ftFlyout · 76.1 mph · 261 ftGroundout · 115.3 mph · 44 ftPop OutPop OutForceout · 70.0 mph · 3 ftFlyout · 100.5 mph · 376 ftSacrifice fly · 100.6 mph · 371 ftGroundout · 109.0 mph · 27 ftGroundout · 56.1 mph · 5 ftGroundout · 63.1 mph · 4 ftPop Out · 91.9 mph · 113 ftGroundout · 86.6 mph · 6 ftGroundoutGroundout · 91.6 mph · 49 ftPop OutGroundout · 86.4 mph · 7 ftForceout · 70.4 mph · 15 ftForceout · 99.9 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 94.0 mph · 333 ftGroundout · 82.5 mph · 117 ftFlyout · 96.7 mph · 365 ftForceout · 76.7 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 97.2 mph · 357 ftFlyout · 101.9 mph · 348 ftGroundoutGrounded into a double play · 90.8 mph · 7 ftGroundout · 89.4 mph · 35 ftGroundout · 88.6 mph · 6 ftGroundout · 88.6 mph · 4 ftGroundoutGroundout · 75.2 mph · 107 ftFlyout · 89.6 mph · 335 ftFlyout · 88.2 mph · 254 ftGroundout · 102.5 mph · 23 ftGroundout · 88.0 mph · 106 ftGroundout · 75.6 mph · 5 ftFlyout · 88.9 mph · 225 ftGroundout · 95.0 mph · 11 ftFlyout · 97.3 mph · 365 ftLineout · 96.3 mph · 275 ftGroundout · 100.1 mph · 51 ftGroundoutLineout · 98.5 mph · 333 ftLineout · 89.8 mph · 312 ftGroundout · 104.7 mph · 68 ftFlyout · 86.7 mph · 303 ftGroundoutGroundout · 102.8 mph · 86 ftGroundout · 56.4 mph · 72 ftGroundout · 87.0 mph · 79 ftPop Out · 96.7 mph · 254 ftFlyout · 103.3 mph · 360 ftGroundout · 82.4 mph · 5 ftGrounded into a double play · 87.1 mph · 17 ftGroundout · 74.0 mph · 10 ftFlyout · 100.0 mph · 369 ftFlyout · 80.9 mph · 281 ftGroundout · 92.6 mph · 5 ftFlyout · 90.6 mph · 236 ftLineout · 92.1 mph · 304 ftFlyout · 96.2 mph · 358 ftLineout · 91.4 mph · 331 ftFlyout · 98.5 mph · 248 ftForceout · 103.7 mph · 22 ftFlyout · 82.3 mph · 295 ftGroundout · 42.1 mph · 5 ftGroundout · 93.5 mph · 40 ftGroundout · 65.6 mph · 5 ftGroundout · 59.5 mph · 3 ftLineout · 87.4 mph · 257 ftLineoutLineout · 78.3 mph · 168 ftGroundout · 94.9 mph · 26 ftGroundout · 100.8 mph · 16 ftFlyout · 96.2 mph · 337 ftForceout · 77.6 mph · 103 ftPop OutGroundoutPop OutPop OutFielder’s choice · 110.2 mph · 18 ftGroundout · 92.9 mph · 9 ftFlyout · 85.0 mph · 268 ftFlyout · 82.6 mph · 284 ftGroundout · 81.1 mph · 26 ftGroundout · 91.2 mph · 26 ftPop Out · 84.9 mph · 205 ftPop Out · 58.1 mph · 140 ftLineout · 104.1 mph · 362 ftGroundout · 99.8 mph · 4 ftFlyout · 99.7 mph · 376 ftPop Out · 64.2 mph · 203 ftGroundout · 78.6 mph · 8 ftDouble Play · 101.7 mph · 174 ftGroundout · 100.8 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 101.2 mph · 364 ftLineout · 70.3 mph · 125 ftGroundout · 57.9 mph · 5 ftFlyout · 100.2 mph · 369 ftForceout · 108.8 mph · 77 ftGroundoutGroundout · 97.7 mph · 10 ftLineout · 103.2 mph · 313 ftPop Out · 65.5 mph · 204 ftForceout · 73.0 mph · 8 ftFlyout · 94.3 mph · 332 ftGroundout · 95.3 mph · 9 ftFlyout · 79.3 mph · 294 ftFlyout · 96.6 mph · 389 ftGroundout · 84.6 mph · 7 ftFlyout · 91.4 mph · 290 ftGroundout · 102.3 mph · 57 ftFlyout · 80.0 mph · 269 ftGroundout · 86.1 mph · 140 ftFlyout · 95.4 mph · 291 ftGroundout · 90.1 mph · 11 ftGroundout · 109.4 mph · 83 ftGroundout · 70.7 mph · 4 ftForceout · 90.2 mph · 6 ftGroundout · 77.6 mph · 6 ftGroundout · 75.6 mph · 46 ftGroundoutFlyout · 80.3 mph · 232 ftGroundout · 59.8 mph · 6 ftFlyout · 100.1 mph · 325 ftPop Out · 68.2 mph · 187 ftGroundout · 108.7 mph · 8 ftGroundout · 46.1 mph · 82 ftFlyout · 92.7 mph · 316 ftGroundout · 86.4 mph · 5 ftLineout · 77.0 mph · 138 ftSacrifice fly · 99.1 mph · 384 ftFlyout · 103.8 mph · 325 ftGroundout · 98.8 mph · 6 ftGroundout · 91.4 mph · 120 ftPop Out · 94.6 mph · 188 ftGroundout · 82.4 mph · 26 ftGroundout · 104.2 mph · 25 ftFlyout · 98.7 mph · 379 ftPop Out · 91.5 mph · 142 ftFlyout · 82.1 mph · 275 ftGroundout · 98.0 mph · 9 ftFlyout · 97.5 mph · 235 ftFlyout · 89.5 mph · 347 ftPop Out · 84.2 mph · 189 ftLineout · 96.7 mph · 113 ftPop OutGroundout · 83.8 mph · 13 ftGroundout · 104.2 mph · 34 ftGroundout · 86.3 mph · 61 ftPop Out · 56.7 mph · 131 ftGrounded into a double play · 102.0 mph · 59 ftFlyout · 93.7 mph · 296 ftFlyout · 86.6 mph · 347 ftGroundout · 82.5 mph · 17 ftFlyout · 91.7 mph · 284 ftFlyout · 89.1 mph · 268 ftFlyout · 105.2 mph · 397 ftLineout · 76.7 mph · 130 ftLineout · 77.9 mph · 105 ftDouble Play · 87.8 mph · 174 ftGroundout · 84.9 mph · 9 ftGroundout · 93.0 mph · 13 ftGroundoutDouble · 98.8 mph · 311 ftSingle · 84.9 mph · 74 ftSingle · 64.8 mph · 201 ftSingle · 111.9 mph · 247 ftHome Run · 117.2 mph · 479 ftSingle · 85.6 mph · 70 ftSingle · 107.7 mph · 186 ftSingle · 113.8 mph · 33 ftSingle · 81.3 mph · 233 ftSingle · 95.1 mph · 278 ftSingle · 105.5 mph · 212 ftSingle · 110.3 mph · 255 ftDouble · 97.6 mph · 19 ftSingle · 109.3 mph · 42 ftSingle · 70.3 mph · 132 ftHome Run · 109.9 mph · 416 ftSingle · 105.4 mph · 25 ftSingle · 87.2 mph · 141 ftSingle · 64.1 mph · 5 ftSingle · 70.1 mph · 203 ftSingle · 109.9 mph · 36 ftSingle · 81.2 mph · 202 ftSingle · 107.3 mph · 141 ftDouble · 106.8 mph · 22 ftDouble · 102.3 mph · 367 ftSingle · 99.7 mph · 217 ftSingle · 95.4 mph · 116 ftSingle · 106.7 mph · 19 ftDouble · 98.4 mph · 257 ftSingle · 64.6 mph · 4 ftSingle · 90.0 mph · 236 ftSingle · 103.6 mph · 40 ftHome Run · 98.9 mph · 383 ftSingle · 106.5 mph · 94 ftSingle · 90.2 mph · 119 ftSingle · 100.8 mph · 251 ftSingle · 73.5 mph · 259 ftSingle · 97.0 mph · 10 ftSingle · 70.8 mph · 230 ftSingle · 60.9 mph · 9 ftDouble · 73.4 mph · 10 ftSingle · 75.7 mph · 237 ftSingle · 79.7 mph · 211 ftSingleSingle · 91.1 mph · 239 ftSingle · 103.4 mph · 11 ftSingleHome Run · 109.8 mph · 417 ftSingle · 106.6 mph · 18 ftHome Run · 111.3 mph · 425 ftSingle · 107.6 mph · 9 ftSingle · 110.0 mph · 237 ftSingle · 113.8 mph · 173 ftSingle · 103.7 mph · 93 ftTriple · 103.4 mph · 403 ftHome Run · 110.1 mph · 435 ftSingle · 94.9 mph · 11 ftHome Run · 105.8 mph · 422 ftSingle · 107.7 mph · 263 ftSingle · 103.9 mph · 251 ftHome Run · 107.2 mph · 420 ftHome Run · 112.9 mph · 415 ftSingle · 105.6 mph · 31 ftHome Run · 105.6 mph · 416 ftSingle · 101.2 mph · 172 ftSingle · 94.2 mph · 7 ftSingle · 105.0 mph · 254 ftSingle · 99.5 mph · 12 ftSingle · 92.1 mph · 139 ftDouble · 74.8 mph · 238 ftSingle · 60.4 mph · 164 ftSingle · 108.9 mph · 255 ftDouble · 104.2 mph · 359 ftSingle · 109.3 mph · 34 ftSingle · 95.7 mph · 214 ftSingle · 75.2 mph · 87 ftSingle · 108.5 mph · 155 ftSingle · 105.7 mph · 161 ftSingle · 108.5 mph · 122 ftDouble · 98.3 mph · 334 ftSingle · 85.6 mph · 71 ftSingle · 80.7 mph · 108 ftSingle · 85.2 mph · 225 ftSingle · 104.0 mph · 226 ftSingle · 105.4 mph · 94 ftSingle · 71.9 mph · 185 ftSingle · 108.7 mph · 161 ftSingle · 110.4 mph · 109 ftSingle · 82.5 mph · 243 ftDouble · 112.2 mph · 337 ftSingle · 63.6 mph · 191 ftSingle · 102.7 mph · 11 ftSingle · 109.9 mph · 14 ftHome Run · 107.3 mph · 434 ftSingle · 101.7 mph · 189 ftSingle · 67.3 mph · 188 ftHome Run · 93.0 mph · 366 ftHome Run · 107.7 mph · 429 ftSingle · 98.1 mph · 73 ftSingle · 109.0 mph · 260 ftSingle · 71.8 mph · 241 ftDouble · 111.1 mph · 363 ftSingle · 108.3 mph · 30 ftSingle · 90.9 mph · 21 ftSingle · 111.3 mph · 17 ftDouble · 88.5 mph · 324 ftSingle · 97.9 mph · 4 ftDouble · 104.0 mph · 402 ftSingle · 90.8 mph · 223 ftSingle · 89.0 mph · 180 ftSingle · 74.3 mph · 6 ftHome Run · 113.8 mph · 416 ftSingle · 106.9 mph · 31 ftHome Run · 111.3 mph · 450 ftSingle · 95.5 mph · 50 ftSingle · 101.9 mph · 277 ftSingle · 101.0 mph · 288 ftSingle · 95.4 mph · 17 ftHome Run · 103.2 mph · 402 ftHome Run · 108.3 mph · 416 ftHome Run · 103.5 mph · 411 ftSingle · 73.1 mph · 228 ftSingle · 104.1 mph · 142 ftSingle · 111.0 mph · 51 ftSingle · 111.4 mph · 10 ftHome Run · 109.3 mph · 406 ftHome Run · 102.2 mph · 383 ftHome Run · 105.9 mph · 381 ftSingleSingle · 100.2 mph · 188 ftSingle · 98.9 mph · 219 ftDouble · 110.0 mph · 221 ftSingle · 77.1 mph · 212 ftSingle · 105.6 mph · 24 ftDouble · 105.2 mph · 408 ftHome Run · 105.7 mph · 399 ftSingle · 84.6 mph · 11 ftSingle · 102.7 mph · 47 ftDouble · 96.6 mph · 343 ftSingle · 103.8 mph · 377 ftSingle · 68.7 mph · 198 ftSingle · 78.3 mph · 248 ftHome Run · 113.9 mph · 414 ftSingle · 106.8 mph · 254 ftSingle · 111.5 mph · 277 ftSingleSingle · 66.8 mph · 103 ftSingle · 108.3 mph · 34 ftSingle · 102.5 mph · 209 ft
Hit (149) Out (284) Home run (23)
Average exit velocity 92.0 mph · longest 479 ft

05/Game log

2018
Regular season
DateOppResultABRHHRRBIBBSO
MAR 29@ NYML 494000003
MAR 31@ NYML 264000001
APR 1@ NYMW 515030202
APR 2@ MILW 845110001
APR 3@ MILL 454111201
APR 4@ MILW 604120102
APR 5vs AZL 134010001
APR 7vs AZW 534130000
APR 8vs AZL 144010001
APR 9vs MILL 455020202
APR 10vs MILW 535010001
APR 11vs MILL 234010000
APR 12@ CINW 1346111101
APR 13@ CINW 535120102
APR 14@ CINW 613000110
APR 17@ CHCW 534000111
APR 19@ CHCL 584000003
APR 20vs CINW 423100010
APR 21vs CINW 434110001
APR 24vs NYML 565000000
APR 25vs NYMW 914010202
APR 26vs NYMW 436020101
APR 27@ PITL 565030200
APR 28@ PITL 264010100
APR 29@ PITL 053000001
MAY 1vs CWSW 324110000
MAY 2vs CWSW 323000001
MAY 4vs CHCW 323030010
MAY 5vs CHCW 865010202
MAY 6vs CHCW 435010012
MAY 7vs MINL 063000013
MAY 8vs MINL 173000000
MAY 10@ SDW 214020002
MAY 11@ SDW 954321110
MAY 12@ SDL 125010010
MAY 13@ SDL 354020000
MAY 15@ MINL 144000001
MAY 16@ MINW 755000001
MAY 17vs PHIL 265100101
MAY 18vs PHIW 1242100020
MAY 19vs PHIL 674100000
MAY 21vs KCW 603220111
MAY 22vs KCL 154030000
MAY 25@ PITL 183020000
MAY 26@ PITW 414120000
MAY 27@ PITW 644110110
MAY 28@ MILL 384010000
MAY 29@ MILW 613000001
MAY 30@ MILL 230000010
MAY 31vs PITW 1080100010
JUN 1vs PITL 044020000
JUN 2vs PITW 323121110
JUN 3vs PITW 503111410
JUN 5vs MIAL 474130100
JUN 6vs MIAL 3114000001
JUN 7vs MIAW 414010100
JUN 8@ CINW 764110011
JUN 9@ CINW 644111100
JUN 10@ CINL 364020100
JUN 11vs SDW 524121201
JUN 12vs SDL 243010100
JUN 13vs SDL 244121200
JUN 15vs CHCL 5133121100
JUN 16vs CHCL 364111202
JUN 17vs CHCW 504020000
JUN 18@ PHIL 565000003
JUN 19@ PHIW 764000002
JUN 20@ PHIL 344110000
JUN 21@ MILL 3114000002
JUN 22@ MILL 124010101
JUN 23@ MILW 322110020
JUN 24@ MILW 823020110
JUN 25vs CLEW 404020201
JUN 26vs CLEW 1125020001
JUN 27vs CLEL 154010002
JUN 29vs ATLL 154110000
JUN 30vs ATLL 4113000002
JUL 1vs ATLL 564010001
JUL 2@ AZW 634000002
JUL 3@ AZL 244000002
JUL 4@ AZW 845110002
JUL 5@ SFW 1124120200
JUL 6@ SFL 234000001
JUL 7@ SFW 324110002
JUL 8@ SFL 8134110100
JUL 10@ CWSW 1425110110
JUL 11@ CWSL 044000001
JUL 13vs CINL 194010000
JUL 14vs CINL 283000101
JUL 15vs CINW 644110000
JUL 19@ CHCL 695020100
JUL 20@ CHCW 1853110110
JUL 21@ CHCW 634010011
JUL 21@ CHCL 273000011
JUL 22@ CHCL 274000001
JUL 23@ CINL 123000010
JUL 24@ CINW 425010001
JUL 25@ CINL 375010000
JUL 27vs CHCW 524020000
JUL 28vs CHCW 624131401
JUL 29vs CHCL 254111201
JUL 30vs COLW 544211110
JUL 31vs COLL 364000001
AUG 1vs COLW 635030100
AUG 2vs COLW 322000000
AUG 3@ PITL 675110000
AUG 4@ PITW 844000011
AUG 5@ PITW 214010000
AUG 6@ MIAL 124030000
AUG 7@ MIAW 324020000
AUG 8@ MIAW 713110110
AUG 10@ KCW 705000002
AUG 11@ KCW 835120100
AUG 12@ KCW 825220101
AUG 13vs WSHW 765020100
AUG 14vs WSHW 644010000
AUG 15vs WSHW 424111101
AUG 16vs WSHL 454000000
AUG 17vs MILW 524010200
AUG 18vs MILW 722211121
AUG 19vs MILL 124010002
AUG 20@ LADW 534020011
AUG 21@ LADW 524121201
SEP 2vs CINL 464100000
SEP 3@ WSHL 344000003
SEP 4@ WSHW 1185222201
SEP 5@ WSHW 765040000
SEP 7@ DETL 354222201
SEP 8@ DETL 344111201
SEP 9@ DETW 524110001
SEP 10vs PITW 874220100
SEP 11vs PITW 1154010302
SEP 12vs PITL 344010101
SEP 13vs LADL 795120201
SEP 14vs LADL 034000000
SEP 15vs LADL 4172100010
SEP 16vs LADW 504231100
SEP 17@ ATLW 1163110022
SEP 18@ ATLW 814110111
SEP 19@ ATLL 374010001
SEP 21vs SFW 534010100
SEP 22vs SFW 544000000
SEP 23vs SFW 924000012
SEP 24vs MILL 464111200
SEP 25vs MILL 4123130010
SEP 26vs MILL 123000011
SEP 28@ CHCL 484020100
SEP 29@ CHCW 214010002

Regular season and postseason are separate tables and are never summed into one career line; spring training is excluded entirely. Hitting and pitching come from different source rows, so a two-way player has both tables and neither borrows from the other. Innings pitched is summed as outs and converted once: the stored value counts thirds, so “6.1” means six innings and one out, and adding those as decimals understates a career. ERA and WHIP are computed from those totals rather than averaged across seasons. On-base percentage is (H + BB) over (AB + BB), which runs slightly under the official figure because the source rows carry no hit-by-pitch or sacrifice fly. The charts cover 2015 onward only, and the spray chart plots batted balls with a recorded landing spot: a strikeout or a walk has no location and is not a missing dot. Its field is a representative park, not the one the ball was hit in, because a spray chart pooled across a season is hit in thirty different outfields.